Barin Kanka
Karanta wannan babin kamar yadda ake karanta littafi: shafuka masu juyawa, kuma wurin da ka tsaya yana ajiye.Buɗe wannan babi a cikin littafin

Babi Na Goma Sha Takwas

Rabin Hankali a Nan

Ta yaya fuskokin na'urori suka ƙwace ikonmu na kasancewa a nan?

Kimanin minti 6 na karatu

A lokacin zafi, Karim ya koma gidan iyalinsa. Ya ajiye jakarsa kusa da ƙofar ɗakinsa, sannan ya zauna cin abincin dare a tsohon wurinsa. Ƙanwarsa yanzu tana iya kai hannu ga faranti ba tare da ta tsaya a kan kujera ba. Ta ga wayarsa, ta matsar da kujerarta kaɗan kusa da shi, ta sa takarda da aka ninke kusa da farantinsa. Ya tambaye ta game da yininta yana buɗe saƙon tawagar.

Ɗan'uwan mahaifinsa ya faɗi abin dariya. Kowa ya yi dariya. Karim ya yi tare da su bayan rabin daƙiƙa, idanunsa suna kan fuskar waya a ƙarƙashin tebur. Mahaifinsa ya ɗago idanunsa daga faranti sau ɗaya. Ya kalli hannun Karim a ƙarƙashin tebur, sannan ya koma ga farantinsa. Ƙanwarsa ta sa akwatin launuka kusa da takardarta, ta jira ya kalla.

Mahaifiyarsa ta tambaye shi: “Ina hankalinka ya tafi?” Ya ɗago kai ya ce: “Nan, nan.” Ta ce ya miƙa mata gurasa, sai ya miƙa mata farantin salati. Ƙanwarsa ta yi dariya. Ya mayar da farantin wurinsa, ya tambaye ta abin da yake cikin takardar. Ta fara bayyana wani launi. Wayar ta girgiza a hannunsa, ya kalle ta. Ƙanwarsa ta yi shiru a tsakiyar jimla.

Ƙanwarsa ta buɗe takardar: iyali a zagayen tebur, yaron shuɗi kuma yana kallon ƙaramin murabba'i mai tsawo. Karim ya ce: “Ta yi kyau”, idanunsa suna kan wayarsa. Ta ce a hankali: “Ba ka kalle ta ba.” Waɗanda suke ɗakin sun yi dariya, sai shi. Ya juya wayar fuska ƙasa, ya sake sa takardar gabansa. Teburin ya girgiza da sanarwa. Ya miƙa hannu ya sake juyar da wayar. Ya yi ƙoƙarin tambaya game da launin, amma amsar tawagar tana nan ba ta kammala a kansa ba. Ya mayar da wayar daga hannu zuwa aljihu. Bayan minti ɗaya ta girgiza a can. Ya miƙa hannu zuwa aljihun.

Za ka iya zama da wanda kake so, ka amsa a lokacin da ya dace, sannan ka gano ba ka ji jimlar ƙarshe ba. Jikinka yana zaman, hankalinka yana jiran wata girgiza. Dubi abin da hannunka yake yi idan hira ta yi shiru kaɗan. Kana jiran mutumin, ko kana buɗe abin da zai nisanta ka da shi?

Kasancewar hankalin mutum a rabe a kullum

Linda Stone marubuciya ce da ta yi shekaru tana aiki a manyan kamfanonin fasaha. Ta samar da suna ga yanayin da bai da suna a da: “kasancewar hankalin mutum a rabe a kullum”1.

Mai rabin hankali a nan yana zaton yana bin magana. Wanda yake gabansa yana jin ba ya sauraro. Wannan ne abin da ba mu gani a kanmu: muna auna kasancewarmu da wurin jikinmu. Waɗanda suke kewaye da mu suna auna ta da inda hankalinmu yake.

Ba mu bar wannan lokacin gaba ɗaya ba. Kuma ba mu kasance cikinsa gaba ɗaya ba. Muna sa ido kan komai da ƙaramin ɓangaren hankalinmu, don tsoron wani abu ya kuɓuce mana. Don haka ba ma ba kowane abu duk hankalinmu.

Mai da hankali yana zaɓar abu ɗaya ya bar sauran da gangan. Hankalin da yake rarrabe kuwa yana riƙe komai, sai komai ya kuɓuce masa kaɗan.

Sanarwar waya ta horar da kwakwalwarmu ta jira katsewa a kowane lokaci. Ko da suna shiru, muna ɗan kasancewa a shirye mu kalla.

Akwai matsalar da ta fi wannan zurfi. Mai bincike Sophie Leroy ta bayyana ta. Idan ka sauya daga wani aiki zuwa wani kafin ka gama na farko, wani ɓangaren hankalinka yana makale a cikinsa2. A gwaje-gwajenta, barin aikin da ba a gama ba da wuri ya sa aikin da ya biyo baya ya yi rauni. Hakan ya faru ko da ayyukan biyu masu sauƙi ne.

Shin juya wayar fuska ƙasa ya isa? Wasu masu bincike sun wuce haka. Sun gano cewa kasancewar waya a kusa kawai, a shiru kuma fuska ƙasa, na iya cin wani ɓangaren ƙarfin tunanin da muke da shi. Wannan yana faruwa ko da ba mu taɓa ta ba3. A gwajinsu, waɗanda suka bar wayoyinsu a wani ɗaki sun fi waɗanda suka ajiye su a kan tebur yin ayyukan da aka auna. Waɗanda suka bar su a aljihu ko jaka kuwa, sakamakon aikinsu bai bambanta ta fuskar ƙididdiga da ko wace ƙungiya ba.

Wannan sakamakon musamman yana buƙatar taka tsantsan. Ƙoƙarin maimaita gwajin ya ba da sakamako daban-daban. Wani nazari da ya haɗa bincike 56 da mahalarta 7093 ya sami tasirin da ya yi ƙasa da abin da ake tsammani, da ƙayyadadden tallafi ga ra'ayin, da raunin hanyar bincike a da yawa daga binciken4. Tambayar da ta cancanci gwadawa a rayuwarka ita ce: kashe sautin wayar ya ishe ka, ko kana buƙatar ka nisanta ta da gaske?

Mai bincike Cal Newport kuma, a littafinsa Deep Work, yana kiran ikon sa duk hankali kan abu ɗaya “aiki mai zurfi”5. Yana ganin wannan ikon yana raguwa duk ranar da katsewa ta zama ɗabi'a maimakon wani abu da yake faruwa lokaci-lokaci.

Shi ma ɗan jarida Johann Hari, a littafinsa Stolen Focus, yana tattara shaidu da bincike game da satar hankalinmu gaba ɗaya6. Wasu abubuwan da Hari yake gabatarwa musamman suna cikin muhawarar kimiyya. Ya cancanci a karanta shi a hankali, maimakon amincewa da komai.

﴿قَدْ أَفْلَحَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ ۝ الَّذِينَ هُمْ فِي صَلَاتِهِمْ خَاشِعُونَ﴾ Lalle ne, Mũminai sun sãmi babban rabõ. Waɗanda suke a cikin sallarsu mãsu tawãli'u ne. (Al-Mu'minun: 1–2)7; khushu'u shi ne miƙa kai ga Allah da zuciya da gaɓoɓi. Yana kuma da kasancewar hankali da ta wuce mai da hankali kawai.

Wani Ɗaki

Fara da ƙaramin lokaci a yininka:

Lokacin da za ka yi amfani da ita: Idan ka sami jikinka a wani zama, hankalinka kuma tare da waya. Tsawon lokaci: Minti biyar don shiri. Sannan wani lokacin kullum da ka zaɓa, na mako ɗaya.

  1. Fara da zaɓar ƙaramin lokaci kullum: Rabin sa'ar cin abincin dare, ko hanyar zuwa jami'a, ko minti ashirin na farko bayan tashi daga barci.
  2. Ajiye wayar a inda hannunka ba zai kai ba da gaske: A wani ɗaki, ko cikin jaka da aka rufe. Kada ta kasance fuska ƙasa a kan tebur a gabanka.
  3. Shirya abin da zai maye gurbin lokacin da waya ta saba cikewa: Ƙaramin littafi, ko littafin rubutu, ko wasa da yaro a gida, ko ko da kallon waje ta taga na ɗan lokaci.
  4. Gaya wa waɗanda suke kewaye da kai game da gwajin: “Wayata za ta kasance a wani ɗaki a sa'a mai zuwa.” Jimlar tana sauya su daga masu sa ido zuwa shaidu.
  5. Rubuta bambancin kullum a jimla ɗaya, maimakon dogon nazari: Me ka lura yau game da kasancewar hankalinka?

Idan kana kula da yaro ko mara lafiya, ko kana jiran kiran da ba zai jira ba, zaɓi wata rabin sa'a. Ko ka bar ƙarar waya ta kunne ga lamba ɗaya. Rage katsewar da ka saba da ita ba tare da hana sadarwa mai muhimmanci ba.

Idan ka faɗi: Mayar da wayar wurinta a lokacin gwaji na gaba. Rashin yi sau biyu ba ya soke makon.

Kafin abincin dare, Karim ya kai wayar ɗakinsa. Ya ce wa mahaifiyarsa: “Za ta tsaya nan rabin sa'a.” Ta ajiye tata ma a wurinsa. A daren farko ya tashi sau huɗu zuwa bakin ƙofar ɗakin. Na huɗu ya shiga ya karanta saƙon da yake jira, sannan ya ɗauki wayar tare da shi zuwa falo. Bai lura ba sai da ƙanwarsa ta ɗaga takardarta. Ya mayar da ita. A layin ranar ya rubuta: Na shiga wurinta sau ɗaya. Washegari gurbin ya takura masa. Ya buɗe littafin Turanci da ya bari a shafi na arba'in. Bai gama babi ba. Ya karanta shafi ɗaya, ya rufe shi da ƙanwarsa ta fara magana. Mahaifiyarsa ta ce a dare na shida: “Ina jin kana tare da mu kwanakin nan.” A daren ƙarshe na makon farko sabon zanen ya zo: teburin nan ɗaya, ba murabba'i mai tsawo. Ya tambayi ƙanwarsa game da kowane launi. Ta ce: “Wannan kai ne. Ka girma.” A mako na biyu wayar ta koma tebur sau biyu. Kowane karon ya bar ta a ɗaki a abincin dare na gaba. Ya ce: “Ina buƙatar in nisanta ta don in ji.”

Ƙaramin mataki yanzu: duba inda wayarka take a wannan lokacin. Idan tana hannunka ko kai tsaye a gabanka, matsar da ita zuwa inda sai ka tashi za ka kai gare ta, ko na minti biyar kawai ne.

Ka taɓa kasancewa da duk hankalinka

Ka taɓa kasancewa da hankalinka lokacin da ka saurari aboki yana kuka. Ba ka yi tunanin amsarka kafin ya gama magana ba. Abin da ake buƙata shi ne ka dawo da wannan ikon.

Bayan dawowa daga wani ɗakin

Bar wayar a wani ɗaki, ka rubuta: A wane lokacin yininka hannunka yake miƙewa zuwa gare ta da kansa, ko kafin ta yi ƙara?

A darensa na ƙarshe a gida, ƙanwarsa ta sa sabon zane a aljihun gaba na jakarsa ba tare da ya gani ba. Wannan karon ba ta rubuta kome a ƙarƙashinsa ba.

Manazarta (7)
  1. 1Stone, L. (2009, November 30). Beyond simple multi-tasking: Continuous partial attention. lindastone.net. https://lindastone.net/2009/11/30/beyond-simple-multi-tasking-continuous-partial-attention/
  2. 2Leroy, S. (2009). Why is it so hard to do my work? The challenge of attention residue when switching between work tasks. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 109(2), 168–181.
  3. 3Ward, A. F., Duke, K., Gneezy, A., & Bos, M. W. (2017). Brain drain: The mere presence of one's own smartphone reduces available cognitive capacity. Journal of the Association for Consumer Research, 2(2), 140–154.
  4. 4Parry, D. A. (2024). Does the mere presence of a smartphone impact cognitive performance? A meta-analysis of the “brain drain effect”. Media Psychology, 27(5), 737–762.
  5. 5Newport, C. (2016). Deep Work: Rules for Focused Success in a Distracted World. Grand Central Publishing.
  6. 6Hari, J. (2022). Stolen Focus: Why You Can't Pay Attention—and How to Think Deeply Again. Crown.
  7. 7Alƙur'ani Mai Girma, Al-Mu'minun: 1–2. https://quran.com/23/1-2